ames Whittaker of Redmond, Washington, becomes the first American to reach the summit of Mt. Everest, the tallest mountain in the world. Located in the central Himalayas on the border of China and Nepal, Everest stands 29,028 feet above sea level. Called Chomo-Lungma, or “Mother Goddess of the Land,” by the Tibetans, the English named the mountain after Sir George Everest, an early 19th-century British surveyor of the Himalayas. In May 1953, climber and explorer Edmund Hillary of New Zealand and Tenzing Norgay of Nepal made the first successful climb of the peak. Queen Elizabeth II later knighted Hillary for the achievement. Ten years later, American James Whittaker reached Everest’s…

At Manila Bay in the Philippines, the U.S. Asiatic Squadron destroys the Spanish Pacific fleet in the first battle of the Spanish-American War. Nearly 400 Spanish sailors were killed and 10 Spanish warships wrecked or captured at the cost of only six Americans wounded. The Spanish-American War had its origins in the rebellion against Spanish rule that began in Cuba in 1895. The repressive measures that Spain took to suppress the guerrilla war, such as herding Cuba’s rural population into disease-ridden garrison towns, were graphically portrayed in U.S. newspapers and enflamed public opinion. In January 1898, violence in Havana led U.S. authorities to order the battleship USS Maine to the…

In July 1930, it seemed as though the 1,046-foot Chrysler Building seemed won the skyscraper war. However, in October of that year, construction began on the Empire State Building, at Fifth Avenue and 34th Street that would soon tower over the Manhattan skyline. The first steel girders were erected on April 7, 1930. The estimated cost of the project was 50 million dollars. The main investors in the Empire State Building were a self-made millionaire John J. Raskob, who founded General Motors, and industrialist Pierre du Pont. A former Governor of New York, Alfred E. Smith, was given the job of heading up the construction. Thanks to assembly line production,…

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